Tuesday, August 25, 2020

The Reading Crisis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Reading Crisis - Essay Example This decrease in the dominance of perusing aptitudes is particularly pervasive in young men. The Department of Education has detailed that, for as long as 30 years, young men have been scoring lower and lower on understanding tests and reliably score lower than young ladies around there (Pearson Toolkit). The effect of poor perusing abilities is sweeping and durable. As indicated by an article entitled â€Å"Early Literacy Development,† understudies with poor perusing abilities were connected to â€Å"poverty, wrongdoing, and unemployment† (National Dropout Prevention Center/Network). Also, in an examination directed by the American Educational Research Association, it was discovered that â€Å"a understudy who can’t read on grade level by third grade is multiple times less inclined to graduate by age 19 than a kid who reads capably by that time† (Sparks). Those with solid capability in perusing will in general experience more prominent budgetary and busin ess achievement. There are a few distinct prospects concerning what is making understudies battle with acing understanding aptitudes. The most compelling motivation has to do with instructing methodologies. As per the article entitled â€Å"Boys and Reading,† young men need a bigger measure of guidance with regards to perusing as proficiency abilities will in general create at a more slow rate for young men than for young ladies (Pearson Toolkit). ... ching perusing abilities in a compelling way, as per the article entitled â€Å"Early Literacy Development.† Some of these strategies incorporate â€Å"phonics guidance, educator read-alouds, a book-rich proficient condition, an assortment of perusing and composing exercises, shared perusing, and student’s perusing so anyone might hear to others† (National Dropout Prevention Center/Network). In an investigation entitled â€Å"Increasing Reading Skills in Rural Areas: An Analysis of Three School Districts,† it was resolved that instructors need better preparing and backing so as to proficiently show understanding educational plan and abilities to their understudies. The examination presumed that accomplishing authority of perusing aptitudes results in â€Å"exposure to a lot more noteworthy volume of material, and along these lines delivers a strikingly more noteworthy gathering of jargon, language abilities, and general knowledge† (Stockard). The in vestigation additionally presumed that the best kind of directions when it came to perusing was â€Å"systematic and express instruction.†(Stockard). This kind of guidance essentially makes a situation where educators don't leave space for disarray with respect to what the exercise or objective of the exercise is. Such an educational plan incorporates â€Å"clear instructional targets, displaying, guided and free practice with adjustments, and evaluations installed inside the instruction†(Stockard). So as to execute this sort of progress, it is basic that instructors get preparing and support. In this specific examination, the help was given to the educator by method of the National Institute for Direct Instruction. A â€Å"Implementation Manager† visited the school and effectively watched the teacher’s current strategy for perusing instruction(Stockard). In the wake of taking note of the difficult zones, the Implementation Manager invested energy trainin g

Saturday, August 22, 2020

WW DBQ

Moreover, the Triple Entente used around 1 00 million pounds and est. mated around 225 million during the time of the war (Doc C). The two unions spent a huge ammunition nut on their state army for a few reasons. Preeminent, in the event that one nation utilized cash to make thee r military force ejects others, the neighboring arrangements felt constrained to do likewise, a d maybe even surpass the encompassing countries so as to not become immature com pared to the rest.For model, Below of Germany reported that, â€Å"We never need to become ‘the captives of mankind. † (Doc D) Moreover, as the nations with all the more impressive militaries turned out to be progressively increasingly predominant, littler nations, for example, Germany, had to settle on a choice to become â€Å"a hammer or an anvil† (Doc D) and before long centered around fortifying g their protection and restricting British force, all of which they couldn't manage without duplicating plant tart co sts (Doc C).This frightened the biggest nations and because of the way that they had a readied power and a supply of arms, the pioneers would not look for progressively a progressively sensible late ruminative for Anonymous. â€Å"Militarism. † Dictionary. Com, 2014. Web, 14 Deck 2014. Http://en. Wisped. Organization/wick/Militarism war. When World War I started in 1914, all of Europe was modernized a d troops completely arranged because Of the deadly implements race and militarism.

Friday, July 31, 2020

Transformation of Gregor Samsa from Metamorphosis by Kafka

Transformation of Gregor Samsa from Metamorphosis by Kafka Diagnosing Gregor Samsa from Metamorphosis Oct 30, 2018 in Literature Characteristic of Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka The novella The Metamorphosis written by Franz Kafka narrates the case of the protagonists physical and mental transformation. At the beginning of the story, the author writers, As Gregor Samsa woke one morning from uneasy dreams, her found himself transformed into some kind of monstrous vermin (Kafka 29). The author describes in detail how this transformed creature attempts to survive. Its transformation can be of psychotic nature because of detached and dreamlike reality. Gregor delineates himself from the external social environment, family, and work. He has problems with speech and severe deviations in outlook on the real world. In general, psychosis has been related with the loss of identity, accompanied with a range of visual, hallucinations, auditory, and somatic disorders. In this respect, in Kafkas The Metamorphosis, the current interpretation of Gregors diagnosis is closely associated with psychosis followed by the loss of identity, and the recognition of fatal disease, whi ch could be compared with AIDS. Gregor Samsa and His Transformation in the Novella While comparing the main character with other people who have disorders and psychological problems, it can be stated that Gregor was treated like a strange sick person especially by family members and society. In order to understand Gregors psychological state, the attention should also be paid to his personal background. As a result of his metamorphosis, it has been evident that the heros adhesion of his physical state makes his further actions logical, concrete, and predictable. Therefore, his reminiscence of a person who has AIDS explains some of the actions described in the story. Kafka recognizes that Gregors family members and family background in general is really complicated and is full of conflicting and controversial situations, followed by hatred and fights. Therefore, the protagonists detachment and desire to stay in the room shows his reluctance to communicate with the outside world, including his family. Gregor is depicted as a social outcast who is rejected by society. The presence of illusions and hallucinations is also revealed through the description of Gregors psychological state because the novella is regarded as a fusion between realism and surrealism, an allegoric representation of psychotic protection. In order to understand whether Gregor Samsa really suffered from psychosis, the analysis of symptoms should be conducted.

Friday, May 22, 2020

Into The Wild, When I Woke Up On Tuesday Morning, It Was...

Humans have achieved evolutionary progress in history through the desire to live a better life and the ability to adapt to even the harshest conditions. To be sheltered from the harsh weather conditions, early humans learned to live in caves. To fight off wild animals as well as to cook food, humans developed their own way of making fire after accidental encounters of the process through wildfires caused by lightning. However, progress did not come lightly and through the search for further progress, humans are inevitably reunited with unintended negative consequences for which Edward Tenner called â€Å"revenge effects†. In Jon Krakauer’s â€Å"Selections from Into the Wild,† Christopher McCandless was adamant about achieving â€Å"true progress† in†¦show more content†¦Through these unconventional adaptations, Julia was able to bury her depressing childhood inside the deepest part of her mind and focus her attention on her education and career. Through her constant adaptations, she achieved eventual progress and success. Julia was able to graduate summa cum laude from Stanford, receiving a full scholarship at a graduate school in New York and become an award-winning producer of documentary films (Stout 385). The same trend of human achieving progress through adaptation can be observed at a societal scale. â€Å"The first great modern stimulus from disaster may have been the defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588†¦.this greatest setback in the history of Spain was what led its king Philip III to offer a perpetual pension of 6,000 ducats to â€Å"the discoverer of the longitude† (Tenner 435). Because of the harsh conditions and challenges sea navigation posed due to the inability to determine longitude, humans are forced to overcome this challenge by increasingly focusing their attention toward the search for longitude. Even though it would take more than a decade until people receive nearly satisfactory results, the adaptation still led to some fruitful results, such as the advances in mathematics, astronomy, mechanics, and magnetism. Given these points, Krakauer, Stout and Tenner demonstrated human’s innate ability to adapt to overcome theShow MoreRelatedInside the Meltdown49737 Words   |  199 Pagesbeing head of FDIC during another grand crisis? It s a very important place to be right now. We re getting a lot of media attention, and I think that s positive because I think the FDIC is all about public confidence. That s how we maintain the stability with people having confidence in our brand and our insurance guarantee, and I think we ve done that fairly successfully. We have seen a lot of stability. People are keeping their money in banks, which is good. ... I think we ll be judged byRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagespurposes (for example, by inserting passages into a book that is sold to students). (3) No Derivative Works You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. An earlier version of the book was published by Wadsworth Publishing Company, Belmont, California USA in 1993 with ISBN number 0-534-17688-7. When Wadsworth decided no longer to print the book, they returned their publishing rights to the original author, Bradley Dowden. The current version has been significantly revised. If you wouldRead MoreShes Dating the Gangster149221 Words   |  597 PagesHe s not my first love and I m NOT his first love. Definitely not.   So what is it that made me love and cling to him this much?   Well, he s irritating, loud, and he s not sweet! He s weird, he smokes, he drinks, he goes clubbing on a weekday, and he fights and bullies a lot. Take note, A LOT. He is very moody and a bit blunt. Oh yeah, he even threatened to kill me. -- for short, HE IS A GANGSTER. NO he s not a criminal, a mobster, a hoodlum or a thug. I have my own definition of a

Sunday, May 10, 2020

How To Write Literary Analysis - 4174 Words

How To Write Literary Analysis The Literary Essay: A Step-by-Step Guide When you read for pleasure, your only goal is enjoyment. You might find yourself reading to get caught up in an exciting story, to learn about an interesting time or place, or just to pass time. Maybe you’re looking for inspiration, guidance, or a reflection of your own life. There are as many different, valid ways of reading a book as there are books in the world. When you read a work of literature in an English class, however, you’re being asked to read in a special way: You’re being asked to perform literary analysis. To analyze something means to break it down into smaller parts and then examine how those parts work, both individually and together.†¦show more content†¦You can help direct your reading and brainstorming by formulating your topic as a question, which you’ll then try to answer in your essay. The best questions invite critical debates and discussions, not just a rehashing of the summary. Remember, you’re looking for something you can prove or argue based on evidence you find in the text. Finally, remember to keep the scope of your question in mind: Is this a topic you can adequately address within the word or page limit you’ve been given? Conversely, is this a topic big enough to fill the required length? Good Questions â€Å"Are Romeo and Juliet’s parents responsible for the deaths of their children?† â€Å"Why do pigs keep showing up in Lord of the Flies?† â€Å"Are Dr. Frankenstein and his monster alike? How?† Bad Questions â€Å"What happens to Scout in To Kill a Mockingbird?† â€Å"What do the other characters in Julius Caesar think about Caesar?† â€Å"How does Hester Prynne in The Scarlet Letter remind me of my sister?† Step 2. Collect Evidence Once you know what question you want to answer, it’s time to scour the book for things that will help you answer it. Don’t worry if you don’t know what you want to say yet— right now you’re just collecting ideas and material and letting it all percolate. Keep track of passages, symbols, images, or scenes that deal with your topic. Eventually, you’ll start making connections between these examples and your thesis will emerge. Here’s a brief summary of the various parts thatShow MoreRelatedHow Can Confessional Poetry Help Us Express Ideas And Beliefs We Wish Our Teachers Know?1056 Words   |  5 PagesPreviously acquired knowledge and skills applied in this lesson - Literary Elements: tone, theme, mood, author’s purpose, repetition - Poetry Analysis Elements: speaker, impression, context - Students must actively participate in classroom discussion and respond to teacher and peers in a respectful and educational manner. - Open-ended exit ticket response Goals, Objectives, and Standards 1. Academic goal(s): How can confessional poetry help us express ideas and beliefs we wish our teachers knewRead MoreYolo1583 Words   |  7 Pagesworld. Students will gain an understanding of literary concepts to be able to interpret, analyze and evaluate various genres. Furthermore, students will have the opportunity to learn and appreciate the cultural heritage that is articulated from each literary text. II. Course Objectives: At the end of the semester, the students should be able to : 1. read and understand representative literary texts from various continents in the world. 2. analyze literary texts using the various approaches in literatureRead MoreStudent B As A Reader1061 Words   |  5 PagesStudent B as a Reader (Kaylee) What about the student as an individual (experiences, skills, interests) provides insight into his or her work samples and your analysis of them? In a class where most students either fall into the categories of being high achieving or low scoring, Kaylee is one of few students in the middle. Next year, students have the choice of going on the college track in language arts and I would like Kaylee to feel comfortable in her abilities to choose the college track. SheRead MoreReflection Paper Example717 Words   |  3 PagesI was always good at writing. My greatest skill in the high school was how I thought in my essays and how broad my ideas were. Throughout the semester, this very same skill has enhanced but I have learned that during the creation of my papers and essays, I still have trouble structuring my ideas properly or having a good transition. My process and forming ideas and writing out those ideas are pretty good( witnessed in my remembering and argumentative essays). But I need to work on structuring myRead MoreMy Writing Is Easy Isn t Doing It Right985 Words   |  4 Pagesstructure, and expanding my vocabulary. Fortunately, the coursework in English 101 along with the help and support of my professor, I have gained a much greater confidence in my ability to write quality college level papers. My writing has greatly improved taking the Introduction to College Writing course. I have learned how to integrate the words and ideas of others by quoting and paraphrasing, about expository writing, and most importantly, critical thinking. The first graded assignment of the course wasRead More Shirley Jacksons The Lottery 946 Words   |  4 Pagesfiction writing is some of the most important to come out of the American literary canon.† (http://shirleyjackson.org/Reviews.html) Jackson wrote many short stories and even some books. They are more on the dark, witchlike side, however. Kelleher explains that Jackson stated in some interviews that she practiced magic. No one really knows if she was serious while practicing witchcraft or not, but it ended up helping her write her stories http://www.literarytraveler.com/literary_articles/shirley_jackson_benningtonRead MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1397 Words   |  6 Pagesthe topics that would not be exceptional to the puritans. Hawthorne came to realization that everyone is human and as humans we make mistakes, we should not punish each mistake to the extreme. Using the original work of Nathaniel Hawthorne and the literary criticism of three critics, I analyze the different interpretations of the scarlet letter in terms of individualism, conformity, and homoerotic dynamics. While researching the scarlet letter I found many different perceptions of the novel, The ScarletRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of `` Catch `` By Chris Leggett Essay1200 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many ways to write a literary essay on a text, choosing the most effective method depends on what the writer is trying to accomplish. What is most important is understanding what one is writing about and effectively delivering it. In the sample essay, Tossing Metaphors Together in Robert Francis s Catch by Chris Leggett, Leggett writes an analysis paper in which he analyzes the extended metaphor of the poem. While in the sample essay, How William Faulkner s Narrator CultivatesRead MoreDescriptive Linguistics In Literary Studies By M. K. Halliday Summary1072 Words   |  5 PagesLinguistics in Literary Studies†, Halliday (1970) explains that the categories and methods of descriptive linguistics are as much applicable in the analysis of literary texts as in the analysis of any other kind of textual materials. In this approach, he focuses the attention on the revelation and precise description of language features which might remain undiscovered because of inexact linguistic investigation. Halliday in his approach uses the term ‘application’ to refer to the study of literary textsRead MoreSongs of Innocence and of Experience by William Blake925 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Blake writes his poems in â€Å"Songs of Innocence and of Experience† in a manner of retrospective self-analysis. Blake writes, attempting to understand the differences and paradoxes that he has observed. In his poem â€Å"The Tyger†, Blake’s artful questioning of the paradoxes in creation is exemplified. Blake poses questions that he does not answer, however his purpose is almost certainly to come to terms with creation’s id iosyncrasies, and to come to a better understanding of existence. Although

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Celsus Arguments Against Christianity Free Essays

The first of 4 arguments I believe to be of importance is that of the virgin birth. Jesus claims to be born of a virgin in the town of Bethlehem. It was said that Jesus was born to a virgin and God himself. We will write a custom essay sample on Celsus Arguments Against Christianity or any similar topic only for you Order Now When it was time for Mary to give birth she and her husband set off to have God’s son. Because there was no room at an Inn Jesus was born in a stable. On the contrary to what the Christian religion believes Celsus says that Jesus was born to a mother who was a spinner, and his legitimate father a Roman soldier, Panthera (Celsus pg. 57). It seemed as if it ere common knowledge the transgressions that Jesus mother had committed with the Roman. When this was found out Jesus mother was cast out by her carpenter husband and convicted of adultery (Celsus pg. 57). The Jews then went on with the story by saying this was explained by the fact that Herod wanted Jesus killed so they fled to Egypt (Celsus pg. 59). Herod feared that the son of God was going to be born and become the rightful king taking Herod’s throne. Herod sent out a decree that all male babies born would be put to death. Celsus felt that being a God, Jesus should have not been afraid of death, but yet embrace it like the roman Gods did. He was a king after all, and kings were noble, righteous, brave, and willing to die for their subjects. This argument against Jesus seems to be just the beginning, in my opinion, of the downfall of his character. The next point I feel valid to Celsus arguments is that of the Christian faith and their followers. Celsus argued that instead of Jesus wanting all to follow his disciples seemed to pray on the weak and dumb (Celsus pg. 73-75). Jesus followers were the weak, poor, lame, children, and women. This was hardly the kingdom that was respectable. Roman Gods had kingdoms and armies of all kinds. It takes men, women, children, poor and rich to have a community. This was not the case for Christians. Christians used the excuse that those who were educated, sensible, or wise were evil (Celsus pg. 72). By welcoming only the weak and slow into the Christian fold it looks as if they can only sell their ideas to those who can’t think for themselves. It was like they were more interested in finding followers that were going to follow them no matter the stakes without any sort of challenge. Christianity seemed to be for the lower lass. This is surprising considering that Christianity was met with resistance from the Roman government where a lot of it needed to be done in secrecy. This seems to be a slap in the face to the Romans who encouraged progression and education, yet felt that loyalty was a must. Roman Gods are that of noble character and moral values. They surround themsel ves with people of the same likeness. Roman Gods were held to a higher standard and were expected to lead their lands with a moral compass and the best interests of everyone. They did not have the luxury of taking risky or even selfish chances. They had to be the upmost and noblest of leaders to lead their people to a better life Jesus did not seem to follow this thinking, and surrounded himself with ten or eleven friends that he associated with (Celsus pg. 59) that were less than moral men, yet he was gaining followers (Celsus pg. 57). This was very dangerous to Rome. The next argument that seems to be of merit was that of GOD being God. In the reading Celsus makes points that the Christian God is nothing like the Greek and Roman Gods. The Christian God seemed as if he did not have an explanation as to why he let things happen to Good people. He did not have anyone he answered to. The Roman Gods and Kings were the authority of the land, but did not have the right to be reckless with their kingdoms and subjects. The decisions the Romans made affected everyone under their reign, and they made sure that what was done was done in the best interests of all. Not only was it their moral compass, but also an ironclad duty to guide those under their authority in the ways of rightness. God did not follow this thinking pattern. God was justified by his followers by saying that it was a test they needed o endure. He was never challenged, or even questioned. Questioning seems to be a bit of taboo. Celsus brings up important points about God being unreachable and unable to save them from harm. My thinking on this was that he was sitting up in the sky watching, but doing nothing. Celsus points out that God keeps his purposes to himself for long periods of time and just stands by when evil overcomes good (Celsus pg. 77). Instead of stopp ing the suffering that going on he continued to let it happen. He just stood by when plagues, fires, earthquakes, and famines riddled the land. It is hard to fathom God being all knowing and all mighty, yet he sits around and watches as thousands of his followers are killed through these disasters that he could have ceased with a single command or swipe of his hand. It does not seem to be something that a God with love for his children would let happen if he truly loved them like Christians claim. Instead his followers continued to believe that they just needed to have faith and they would be delivered. For Christians God, in likeness, is thought to be as man is with hands, body, and a voice that he uses to speak to his followers. In fact, it says man is made of God’s likeness and image (Celsus pg. 103). Celsus disagreed with this point wholeheartedly. That is not how God is at all. It was known that the true God in his infinity is without shape or color (Celsus pg. 103). Celsus also showed discord in the fact that God is all powerful, but did nothing to save his own son from torture and death (Celsus pg. 39). Instead of using divine power, he let his son die a humiliating death. Kings and Gods would not have let this happen. They would have protected their own with everything they had, even if this meant their own deaths. The last argument that seemed to have merit for me in this book would have to be that of Christianity being unoriginal, and taken instead from many other religions. Instead of being something original and brought about by itself. The Christian faith is just a melting pot of many other religions and laws. It is said that Moses wrote their history so it reflected them in a positive light. His doctrine was not only held by him, but many other nations and cities such as Egypt, Assyrians, Indians, Persians, Gaul, Getae, and so on (Celsus pg. 55). Many of the laws that are eld by Christianity were given their start by other nations. Even circumcision was said to be started by another society and picked up by the Jews. It seems as if all the facts are more of fables and stories from other people. It is even said that God’s wisdom and man’s goes back to Heracleitus and Plato (Celsus pg. 93). Homer even writes about the Christians beliefs in the afterlife or resurrection. He say s â€Å"The gods will take you to the Elysian plains at the end of the earth, and there life will be easy† (Celsus pg. 109). This is one of the biggest draws to the Christian faith. Everyone wants to believe that this life is not all there is to life. They want to believe there is life after death. It makes a person feel better about their lives. My point to this is that if the life hereafter is founded on someone else’s principles, what is honest and original about Christianity? I think the thing that was the most eye opening point to me was the fact you always here the prophesy of this God and how he was slapped on a the cheek, and he did nothing in retaliation, except turn the other cheek. Plato shares the same sentiments when he is talking to Socrates in the Crito (Celsus pg. 113).. He talks about never ever doing wrong to someone even if they have avenged us first. He says that in doing that because we were wronged first, it is no different than if we had harmed the person first. Plato says it best in an exerpt â€Å"So we should never take revenge and never hurt anyone even if we have been hurt† (Celsus pg. 113). I think Celsus was just in thinking Christianity had quite a few flaws in it. Celsus was Looking at it as many should. While they are taught that it is enough to just believe, sometimes that is not enough. Celsus was standing up for his country and his officials. He was putting thought in himself and the rules that were put down. We are taught to stand up for our country. How many times are we led astray by others? Do we simply just take officials word for it that They are doing what is right? I agree with Celsus that you stand for your country and your leaders. I also think and agree that you challenge someone if what they are saying seems to be a bit off. Celsus stood up for his gods and leaders of his country against someone who was threatening their very existence. How to cite Celsus Arguments Against Christianity, Essays

Wednesday, April 29, 2020

Problems In China`S Economy Essays - Economy Of China,

Problems In China`S Economy Problems In Chinas Economy And Their Solutions Today, at the turn of the century, the Peoples Republic of China who has a history of over 5000 years is facing a very important choice. After the revolution of 1949,new China has devoted himself to improving his peoples living condition, and developing the economy. Although we encountered some difficulties on the way of development, we still make a rapid progress in many fields, such as, we have already solve the problems of how to feed a forth of the world population which seems impossible and difficult to the developed countries, our country has already become an important power in the world not only politically but also economically. After we adopted the policy of reform and opening to the world in the year of 1978, our economy grows steadily and rapidly than ever. And our economy in recent 20 years has become a wonder in the history of the world economy. However, with the undergoing reform, we now face some problems. First, after so many years fear of inflation, our economy has an inclination of deflation. Second, for the agreement with the United States on entry in World Trade Organization (W.T.O.), our State Own Enterprises (S.O.E.) face many problems. Third, we still have some troubles in our policies. In addition, the unstable political environment (such as peaceful evolution from socialism back to capitalism, the threats of imperialism and other enemy countries) force us to develop our national power as fast as we can. As we all know, everything has its own shortcomings, but those shortcomings are not important, the important thing is trying to solve the problems you have. This comes out a choice, to solve problems and have a better life or to keep everything going on like it is. We must take our responsibility to make a choice like the former one, for this choice will have a great effect on our country and peoples in the near future. Now let us talk about the problems faced in front of us and try to figure out their solutions. It is known that in recent years, while Chinas GNP (Gross National Product) grows fast, its economy always suffered with inflation. However, from 1996, our economy encountered the problem that never expects deflation. This tendency of deflation actually came after the financial crisis in Asia. Our export decreased abruptly and considerably, our consumers purchase power reduced suddenly, and the supply apparently surpassed the demand. Why does it change so quickly? Nowadays our economy is under transformation. During the transformation period, there have many changes taking place. The source of peoples income has changed. First, in order to increase employees enthusiasm for work, the portion of allowance, bonus has increased a lot. The portion in 1997 is 37.93%, compared with 2.79% in 1978. For the income of retired workers is determined by their standard wages, when the portion of standard wages decreased, the income of retired people reduced relatively. Second, compared with youth, old people should pay more for health and medical purposes, which makes income of retired people seems relatively low. The other change is retirement period, in which income is relatively lower, has been extended. This has two main causes, too. First, the average lifespan of Chinese extends for the development of public health services. It is estimated that in 2000 the average life expectancy of female and male of 60 years old now will be 85 and 83 years old respectively. Although the retired age has not been changed, the extension of life means the extension of retirement period. Second, in order to increase economic benefits, many employees are forced to retire before the retirement age. In fact, this means the extension of retirement period, too. For the relatively reduction of retired workers income and the extension of retirement period, more and more people incline to save their money for future use. As they think they must save much as they can to solve future problems in ca se they do not have enough money at that time. Furthermore, a recent survey in Shanghai shows that about 70% families will use their savings for their own living after retirement. As we